This rule repeals and replaces Appendix 10-C of Title 20 NYCRR, New York City Personal Income Tax on Residents Withholding Tables and Other Methods of such Title, to provide new City of New York withholding tables and other methods. The amendments to Appendix 10-C reflect the revision of the City of New York tax tables in accordance with the increased rate of New York City personal income tax applicable to income over $500,000 enacted by Part B of Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015, implemented over a twelve month period for the 2016 tax year, rather than the shorter implementation period required for tax year 2015, and the requirement that the withholding rates reflect the full amount of tax liability as accurately as practicable.

The rule applies to wages and other compensation subject to withholding paid on or after January 1, 2016.

1. Statutory authority: Tax Law, section 171, subdivision First, generally authorizes the Commissioner of Taxation and Finance to promulgate regulations; section 671(a)(1) provides that the method of determining the amounts of New York State personal income tax to be withheld will be prescribed by regulations promulgated by the Commissioner; section 697(a) provides the authority for the Commissioner to make such rules and regulations as are necessary to enforce the personal income tax; section 1309 (not subdivided) provides that City of New York personal income tax withholding shall be withheld from city residents in the same manner and form as that required by New York State; section 1312(a) provides that any personal income tax imposed on New York City residents by the City of New York shall be administered and collected by the Commissioner of Taxation and Finance in the same manner as the tax imposed by Article 22 of the Tax Law, except where noted; Administrative Code of the City of New York, section 11-1771(a) provides that the method of determining the amount of City tax withholding will be prescribed by regulations promulgated by the Commissioner; section 11-1797(a) provides for the Commissioner to make such rules and regulations that are necessary to enforce the provisions of the Administrative Code of the City of New York. Section 4 of Part B of Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015 requires the Commissioner to adopt rules to implement changes in the withholding tax tables and methods relating to the personal income tax increases made by Part B.

2. Legislative objectives: The rule amends Appendix 10-C related to the exact calculation method (Method II) for the City of New York personal income tax on residents for withholding purposes as required by Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015. Because the income tax changes made by Chapter 59 relate to taxpayers with incomes over certain amounts, the wage bracket table method (Method I) tables are not affected. The amendments implement revised City of New York withholding tables and other methods applicable to wages and other compensation paid on or after January 1, 2016. Specifically, the amendments reflect the increased rate of New York City personal income tax applicable to income over $500,000 provided in Part B of Chapter 59, implemented over a twelve month period for the 2016 tax year, rather than the shorter implementation period required for tax year 2015. The rule also makes technical changes to reformat and repaginate the tables.

3. Needs and benefits: This rule sets forth amendments to the City of New York withholding tables and other methods, applicable to wages and other compensation paid on or after January 1, 2016, reflecting the revision of the tax rates contained in Part B of Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015. This rule benefits taxpayers by providing City of New York withholding rates that more accurately reflect the current income tax rates. If this rule is not promulgated, the use of the existing withholding tables would cause some under-withholding for some taxpayers.

4. Costs: (a) Costs to regulated parties for the implementation and continuing compliance with this rule: Since (i) the Tax Law and the Administrative Code of the City of New York already mandate withholding in amounts that are substantially equivalent to the amounts of City of New York personal income tax on residents reasonably estimated to be due for the taxable year, and (ii) this rule conforms Appendix 10-C of Title 20 NYCRR to the rates of the City of New York personal income tax on residents, as required by Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015, any compliance costs to employers associated with implementing the revised withholding tables and other methods are due to such statutes, and not to this rule.

(b) Costs to this agency, the State and local governments for the implementation and continuation of this rule: Since the need to make amendments to the New York City Personal Income Tax on Residents Regulations and to Appendix 10-C arises due to the statutory changes in the rates of the City of New York personal income tax on residents, there are no costs to this agency or the State and local governments that are due to the promulgation of this rule.

(c) Information and methodology: This analysis is based on a review of the statutory requirements and on discussions among personnel from the Department’s Taxpayer Guidance Division, Office of Tax Policy Analysis, Office of Budget and Management Analysis, and Management Analysis and Project Services Bureau.

5. Local government mandates: Local governments, as employers, would be required to implement the new withholding tables and other methods in the same manner and at the same time as any other employer.

6. Paperwork: This rule will not require any new forms or information. The reporting requirements for employers are not changed by this rule. Employers will be notified of the amendments to the tables and other methods and directed to the Department’s website for the updated tables and other methods.

7. Duplication: This rule does not duplicate any other requirements.

8. Alternatives: Since section 11-1771(a) of the Administrative Code of the City of New York and Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015 require that withholding tables and other methods be promulgated, there are no viable alternatives to providing such tables and other methods.

9. Federal standards: This rule does not exceed any minimum standards of the federal government for the same or similar subject area.

10. Compliance schedule: The required information will be made available to affected employers in sufficient time to implement the revised City of New York withholding tables and other methods for wages and other compensation paid on or after January 1, 2016.

1. Effect of rule: Small businesses, within the meaning of the State Administrative Procedure Act, that are currently subject to the City of New York withholding requirements will continue to be subject to these requirements. This rule should, therefore, have little or no effect on small businesses other than the requirement of conforming to the new withholding tables and other methods. All small businesses that are employers or are otherwise subject to the withholding requirements must comply with the provisions of this rule.

2. Compliance requirements: This rule requires small businesses and local governments that are already subject to the City of New York withholding requirements to continue to deduct and withhold amounts from employees using the revised City of New York withholding tables and other methods. The promulgation of this rule will not require small businesses or local governments to submit any new information, forms, or paperwork.

3. Professional services: Many small businesses currently utilize bookkeepers, accountants and professional payroll services in order to comply with existing withholding requirements. This rule will not encourage or discourage the use of such services.

4. Compliance costs: Small businesses and local governments are already subject to the City of New York withholding requirements. Therefore, small businesses and local governments are accustomed to withholding revisions, including minor programming changes for federal, state, City of New York, and City of Yonkers purposes. As such, these changes should place no additional burdens on small businesses and local governments. See, also, section 4(a) of the Regulatory Impact Statement for this rule.

5. Economic and technological feasibility: This rule does not impose any economic or technological compliance burdens on small businesses or local governments.

6. Minimizing adverse impact: Section 671(a)(1) of the Tax Law mandates that New York State withholding tables and other methods be promulgated. Section 1309 of the Tax Law mandates, in part, that the City of New York withholding of tax on wages shall be administered and collected by the Commissioner of Taxation and Finance in the same manner as the tax imposed by Article 22 of the Tax Law. There are no provisions in the Tax Law that exclude small businesses and local governments from the withholding requirements. The regulation provides some relief to small businesses and local governments with respect to the methods allowed to comply with the withholding requirements by continuing to provide employers with more than one method of computing the amount to withhold from their employees. Look-up tables are provided for employers who prepare their payrolls manually, and an exact calculation method is provided for employers with computer-based systems.

7. Small business and local government participation: The following organizations were given an opportunity to participate in the rule's development: the Association of Towns of New York State; the Office of Coastal, Local Government, and Community Sustainability of the New York State Department of State; the Division for Small Business of Empire State Development; the National Federation of Independent Businesses; the New York State Association of Counties; the New York Conference of Mayors and Municipal Officials; the Small Business Committee of the New York State Business Council; the Retail Council of New York State; and the New York Association of Convenience Stores; the Tax Section of the New York State Bar Association; the Association of the Bar of the City of New York; the New York State Society of Enrolled Agents; the New York State Society of CPAs; and the Taxation Committee of the Business Council of New York State. In addition, the City of New York was consulted.

1. Types and estimated numbers of rural areas: Every employer, including any public or private employer located in a rural area as defined in section 102(10) of the State Administrative Procedure Act, that is currently subject to the City of New York withholding requirements will continue to be subject to such requirements and will be required to comply with the provisions of this rule. The number of employers that are also public or private interests in rural areas cannot be determined with any degree of certainty. The effect on employers in rural areas is minimized because the changes relate to the New York City personal income tax on residents withholding requirements. There are 44 counties throughout this State that are rural areas (having a population of less than 200,000) and 9 more counties having towns that are rural areas (with population densities of 150 or fewer people per square mile).

2. Reporting, recordkeeping and other compliance requirements; and professional services: This rule requires employers that are already subject to the City of New York withholding requirements to continue to deduct and withhold amounts from employees using the revised withholding tables and other methods. The promulgation of this rule will not require employers to submit any new information, forms, or other paperwork.

Further, many employers currently utilize bookkeepers, accountants, and professional payroll services in order to comply with existing withholding requirements. This rule will not encourage or discourage the use of any such services.

3. Costs: Employers are already subject to the City of New York withholding requirements. Therefore, employers are accustomed to withholding revisions, including minor programming changes for federal, state, City of New York, and City of Yonkers purposes. As such, these City of New York changes should place no additional burdens on employers located in rural areas. See, also, section 4(a) of the Regulatory Impact Statement for this rule.

4. Minimizing adverse impact: Section 11-1771(a) of the Administrative Code of the City of New York mandates that City of New York State withholding tables and other methods be promulgated. There are no provisions in the Tax Law or the Administrative Code of the City of New York that exclude employers located in rural areas from the withholding requirements.

5. Rural area participation: The following organizations are being given an opportunity to participate in the rule's development: the Association of Towns of New York State; the Office of Coastal, Local Government, and Community Sustainability of New York State Department of State; the Division for Small Business of Empire State Development; the National Federation of Independent Businesses; the New York State Association of Counties; the New York Conference of Mayors and Municipal Officials; the Small Business Committee of the Business Council of New York State; the Retail Council of New York State; the New York Association of Convenience Stores; the Tax Section of the New York State Bar Association; the Association of the Bar of the City of New York; the New York State Society of Enrolled Agents; the New York State Society of CPAs; and the Taxation Committee of the Business Council of New York State. In addition, the City of New York was consulted.

A Job Impact Statement is not being submitted with this rule because it is evident from the subject matter of the rule that it would have no adverse impact on jobs and employment opportunities. The purpose of the rule is to provide City of New York withholding tables and other methods, applicable for compensation paid on or after January 1, 2016, which reflect the revision of the New York City rate enacted pursuant to Chapter 59 of the Laws of 2015.