(a) All multiuse containers and equipment used in manufacturing, processing, packing, or holding of milk or milk products shall be so designed and of such material and workmanship as to be adequately cleanable, and shall be adequately maintained to protect against allergen cross-contact and contamination. Equipment shall be made of smooth, impervious, corrosion-resistant, and non-toxic material.

(b) All milk-contact surfaces of multiuse containers and equipment consist of:

(c) All joints in containers, equipment and utensils are flush and finished as smooth as adjoining surfaces. Where a rotating shaft is inserted through a surface with which milk or milk products come into contact, the joint between the mixing and stationary surfaces shall be closefitting. Where a thermometer or temperature sensing element is inserted through a surface with which milk or milk products come into contact, a pressure-tight seal shall be provided ahead of all threads and crevices.

(d) All openings in covers of tanks, vats, separators, etc., are protected by raised edges, or otherwise to prevent the entrance of surface drainage. Condensation-deverting aprons shall be provided as close to the tank or vat as possible on all pipes, thermometers or temperature-sensing elements, and other equipment extending into a tank, bowl, vat or distributor, unless a watertight joint is provided.

(e) All surfaces with which milk or milk products come into contact are easily accessible or demountable for manual cleaning or are designed for mechanical cleaning. All product-contact surfaces shall be readily accessible for inspection and shall be self-draining. Wing nuts, bayonet locks and similar devices shall be used whenever possible in lieu of bolts and nuts, to promote easy disassembly.

(f) There are no threads used in contact with milk or milk products except where needed for functional and safety reasons, such as in clarifiers, pumps and separators. Such threads shall be of a sanitary type.

(g) All multiuse containers and other equipment have rounded corners, are in good repair and free from breaks, crevices and corrosion. Milk cans shall have umbrella-type covers.

(h) Strainers, if used, are of perforated metal design, and so constructed as to utilize single-service strainer media. Multiple-use woven material shall not be used for straining milk; provided, that, when required for function reasons inherent to the production of certain milk products, such as buttermilk, whey and dry milk products, woven material may be used where it is impractical to use perforated metal. However, woven material parts shall be mechanically cleaned by such methods that thoroughly clean the woven material and do not contaminate the product.

(i) All single-service containers, closures, gaskets and other articles, with which milk or milk products come in contact, are nontoxic.

(j) The manufacture, packing, transportation and handling of single-service containers, closures, caps, gaskets and similar articles are approved by the commissioner. Inspections and tests shall be made by the commissioner or any agency authorized by him.

(k) Copper kettles for Swiss cheese and copper evaporators and brass fillers for evaporated milk may be approved if free from corroded surfaces and kept in good condition. Wooden churns in use may be approved temporarily if maintained in good condition. Nonmetallic parts having product-contact surfaces shall be of material that is resistant to abrasion, scratching, scoring and distortion, that is nontoxic, fat-resistant, and relatively inert, nonabsorbent or insoluble, and that will not adversely affect the flavor of the products.