(1) Bedrock underlying the site must not be subject to rapid or unpredictable groundwater flow, unless it can be demonstrated to the department that a containment failure of the landfill would not result in contamination entering the bedrock system.

(2) Unconsolidated deposits: a minimum of 10 feet of unconsolidated deposits must exist beneath the proposed landfill site to minimize the migration of contaminants from the facility.

(1) A new landfill or a lateral expansion of an existing landfill may not be located on property which:

(2) A new landfill or a lateral expansion of an existing landfill within an agricultural district may not be sited within an agricultural district unless compliance with the requirements of article 25-AA, section 305 of the Agriculture and Markets Law has been demonstrated.

(1) No new landfill or lateral or vertical expansion of an existing landfill may be constructed over primary water supply aquifers, principal aquifers, within a public water supply stabilized cone of depression area, or within a minimum distance of 500 feet to surface waters that are actively used as sources of municipal drinking water supply. In Nassau and Suffolk county, no person may construct or operate a new landfill or an expansion of an existing landfill, unless the department has made an affirmative determination that it will not pose a threat to groundwater quality.

(2) The required horizontal separation between deposited waste and primary water supply aquifers, principal aquifers, capture zones of public water supply stabilized cone of depression areas or surface waters that are actively used as sources of municipal drinking water supply must be sufficient to preclude contravention of groundwater standards in the aquifer and surface water standards in waters that are currently used as a source of municipal drinking water supply. In Nassau or Suffolk county, no person may construct or operate a new landfill or an expansion of an existing landfill, unless the department has made an affirmative determination that it will not pose a threat to groundwater quality.

(1) A landfill into which putrescible waste is to be disposed must not be sited closer than 10,000 feet from any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of turbine-powered fixed-wing aircraft or 5,000 feet from any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of piston-powered fixed-wing aircraft.

(2) A landfill into which putrescible waste is to be disposed which is located within five miles of any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of aircraft must not, as determined by the Federal Aviation Administration, pose a potential bird or obstruction hazard to aircraft.

(3) The owner or operator of an existing landfill that is authorized to dispose of putrescible waste and that is located less than 10,000 feet from any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of turbine powered fixed-wing aircraft or less than 5,000 feet from any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of only piston powered fixed wing aircraft must provide in its permit renewal application documentation that the Federal Aviation Administration has determined that the facility does not pose a bird hazard to aircraft.

(4) A landfill containing only nonputrescible waste may be located less than 10,000 feet from any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of turbine-powered fixed-wing aircraft or less than 5,000 feet from any area of an airport used or intended to be used for landing, taking off, or surface maneuvering of only piston-powered fixed-wing aircraft, if the Federal Aviation Administration has determined that the landfill will not present a safety hazard to air traffic.

(5) The final elevation of a new landfill or expansion of an existing landfill must not extend more than 200 feet above the highest elevation of the land surface that existed prior to landfill development, unless the Federal Aviation Administration determines that the proposed fill height in excess of 200 feet will not present a safety hazard to air traffic.

(1) areas having an active or substantial probability of mass movement where the movement of earth material at, beneath, or adjacent to the landfill may result in downslope transport of soil or rock by means of gravitational influence. Areas of mass movement include, but are not limited to, landslides, avalanches, debris slides or flows, soil fluctuations, block sliding and rockfall; and

(2) areas where karst topography, with its characteristic surface and subterranean features, has developed as a result of dissolution of limestone, dolomite, or other soluble rock. Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include, but are not limited to, sinkholes, sinking streams, caves, large springs, and blind valleys.

(1) Identification of these sites must be based upon the ability to:

(2) Lateral expansions of existing landfills that are already contaminating groundwater may be allowed by the department if the proposed area can be constructed in compliance with the regulations. This may be demonstrated using remedial actions at the existing site resulting in a demonstrated improvement in groundwater quality, and any additional monitoring requirements needed to demonstrate the integrity of the expansion area such as leak detection lysimeters installed beneath the liner, statistical triggers of groundwater monitoring, tracers, additional monitoring wells surrounding the site, and any other monitoring methods required by the department.